Boiler



(No Model.)

T. G. BRITTON. BOILER. No. 596,979. Patented Jan. 11,1898.

I .N' VEJV TOR WITNESSES 4 L KMM 5. fikkow an" 9% Z 296M771 AttorneyUNITED STATES PATENT @rricn,

THOMAS G. BRITTON, OF LOUISVILLE, NEBRASKA.

BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 596,979, dated January1 1, 1898.

Application filed December 31, 1896. erial No. 617,586. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS G. BRITTON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Louisville, inv the county of Cass and Stateof Nebraska,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in boilers, and has for its objectthe production of a device of this class in which the water is broughtinto direct contact with the products of combustion and, afterbeingconverted into steam, is mixed with the gases liberated by combustionand is directed to an engine or other device for the conversion of itspotential energy into kinetic power.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing object my invention consists inproviding a combustion-chamber upon the interior of a boiler and indirecting the gas liberated by combustion within the chamber to theinterior of the boiler below the surface of the water and in certainother novel features subordinate to the general arrangement specifi edand hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal view of mydevice complete, and Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section throughthe boiler thrown into perspective and showing the mechanism upon theinterior of the boiler in perspective.

Referring to the numerals on the drawings, 1 indicates a horizontalcylindrical boiler provided with a steam-dome 2 and a safety or popvalve 3, as usual.

4 indicates the feed-water pipe communicating with the boiler,preferably adjacent to its bottom, and 5 the feed-pipe leading from thedome 2 to an engine or other similar de vice. (Not illustrated.) lVithinthe boiler and preferably near its bottom I provide a comparatively longcylindrical combustionchamber 3 of considerably less diameter than thediameter of the boiler and extending from its front end 7 to a pointadjacent to its rear end 8.

9 indicates an enlarged air-pipe piercing the front end of the boilerand communicating with the interior of the combustion'chamher andpreferably provided with a hinged cap 10 and having suitable connectionthrough an air-tube 11 with a source of compressed air. (Notillustrated.) I prefer to employ an air-pump designed to supply airunder pressure to the interior of the combustionchamber.

12 indicates a fuel-pipe leading into the combustion-chamber, preferablyat a point immediately above the air-pump 9, and con nected with aconvenient source of oil, gas, vapor, or other fuel supply.

13 13 indicate a pair of what I will call injector-pipes, extendingalong either side of the exterior of the combustion-chamber, havingtheir front ends closed, as by caps 14, and connected at their rear endsby a transverse pipe 15, communicating with a depending pipe 16,controlled at its point of connection with the transverse pipe 15 by acheckvalve 17, as illustrated.

18 indicates the injector supply-pipe piercing the rear end or head ofthe combustionchamber and communicating with the depending'pipe 16, theinjector supply-pipe being controlled by an injector supply-valve 19,operated by a hand-wheel 20 upon the exterior of the head 8 of theboiler and connected to the valve, as by a screw 21.

The valves 1'7 and 19 are preferably hollow, as illustrated, for thepurpose of permitting the water within the boiler to fill their interiorand prevent their burning out when subjected to high temperature.

22 indicates an escape-pipe piercing the top of the combustion-chamber,preferably near its rear end, and extending upwardly through the boiler,above which it is provided with a safety-valve 23 and with anescape-valve 24c, controlled by hand-wheel 25.

The water within the boiler having been raised to a sufficient level tocompletely envelop the combustion-chamber 6, the cap 10 is opened andthe fuel emitted from the pipe 12 is ignited, access to the interior ofthe combustion-chamber for this purpose being had through the air-pipe9. The cap 10 is then closed and securely locked, and the fuel and airare fed under suitable pressure to the interior of thecombustion-chamber. The temperature of the chamber 6 will be raised andwill heat the water within the boiler sufficiently to generate steam;but in order to assist further in such generation and to charge thesteam with expansible gases the cook 20 is opened, and the gasesliberated within the combustion-chamberescape into the injectortubes 13,whence they are injected into the body of water at a pressuresufficiently high to prevent the entrance of water from the boilerthrough the apertures in the injectortubes.

In order that the air and fuel supply will be coincident, any suitablemechanism may be provided for automatically cutting off the fuel-supplywhen the air-supp1y ceases, or vice versa, and I have illustrated anddescribed one form of mechanism for accomplishing this result.

26 indicates a valve in the air-tube 11, controlled as by a hand-wheel27 and having its spindle or plug independently connected with thespindle or plug of a valve 28 in the fuelpipe 12, as by a lever-and-linkconnection illustrated and well known in the art.

It will be observed that the fuel and air must be forced into thecombustion-chamberunder a pressure in excess of the internal ressure ofthe combustion-chamber and that the gases injected into the water of theboiler must be under a higher pressure than that within the interior ofthe boiler.

By means of the construction and arrangement described I am enabled togenerate steam within a boiler by direct contact between the water andcombustion-chamber and am at the same time enabled to inject into thebody of water expansible gases which when commingled with the steamserve to augment its potential energy.

I do not desire to limit myself to the details of construction hereinshown and described, but reserve to myself the right to change, modify,or vary them at will within the scope of my invention, as it is evidentthat various modifications might be made with practical results, theessential characteristics being, first, the injection of expansiblegases into the boiler from the combustion-chamber, and, second, inlocating the combustion-chamber in the boiler, and in certain otherpeculiarities. of construction and arrangement not necessary to bementioned in detail.

I claim- 1. The combination with a boiler and combustion-chambertherein, of means for supplying fuel under pressure to thecombustionchamber, a valve-controlled escape-pipe communicating with thesaid combustion-chamber and extending to the exterior of the boiler,

and a plurality of valve-controlled injectortubes extendinglongitudinally within the boiler and provided with perforations throu ghtheir under sides exclusively, whereby the gases'injected into thecontained water will be forced to penetrate to the bottom of the boilerbefore escaping to the steam-space at its top, substantially asspecified.

2. The combination with a boiler and combustion-chamber therein, of anoil-pipe and an air-pipe extending upon the exterior of the boiler andcommunicating with the combustion-chamber, interdependent valves in saidpipes, a plurality of perforated injector-tubes extending longitudinallywith respect to the boiler and communicating with one end of thecombustion-chamber, a valve controlling the said tubes, and acheck-valve intermediate of the injector-tubes and controllingvalves,substantially as specified. 3. The combination with a boiler andcombustion chamber therein, and perforated valve-controlledinjector-tubes communicating with the combustion-chamber, of an enlargedair-pipe piercing the front of the boiler and communicating with theinterior of the combustion-chamber, a hinged cap closing the end of saidair-pipe, an oil-supply pipe com municating with the combustion-chamberfrom the exterior of the boiler, an air-supply pipe communicating withthe enlarged airpipe, and interdependent valves in the airpipe andoil-pipe respectively, substantially as specified.

4. The combination with a boiler, and a combustion-chamber therein, ofperforated injectortubes extending from one end to the other of thecombustion-chamber and adjacent to its top,an injector supply-pipepiercing the rear end of the combustion-chamber and provided with acontrolling-valve, a valve-controlled pipe extending at right angles tothe injector supply-pipe and communicating at its upper extremity witheach of the injector-tubes respectively, air and fuel pipes piercing theopposite end of the combustion-chamber and extending upon the outside ofthe boiler, means for supplying air and fuel under pressure to saidlast-named pipes and interdependent valve located in said pipes,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS G. BRITTON.

W'itnesses:

MAURICE BEHAN, ALFRED L. RHODES.

